Free Julius Caesar Essays: The Role of the Mob :: Julius Caesar Essays

The Role of the Mob in Julius Caesar The most important characters of the play Julius Caesar are clearly the citizens of Rome. The citizens have an important effect on both the audience and the characters in the play because of their unlimited desire to passionately express their emotions. Throughout the play these emotions are communicated through various events. The first event is the celebration of the feast of the Lupercal. It was the citizens’ positive reaction to Caesar during his triumphant return after his victory over the sons of Pompey that fueled the fear of caesar’s becoming king. The citizens’ opposition to Pompey’s allies caused great disturbances in the streets because a short while before, Pompey was their hero. Now Caesar, victorious, is the hero of the hour. Their response also influenced the idea that Caesar was becoming too ambitious. Thus, the citizens of Rome had a role in the fate of Julius Caesar. A later example occurs during the funeral oration by Mark Antony. Brutus logically gives his reasons that necessitated Caesar’s death. He informs them that he acted out of love of Rome and his desire to prevent tyrants from controlling her. The citizens embrace his words with cheers and understanding. However, their mood alters when Antony offers his interpretation of the situation. He passionately described the deeds Caesar performed in behalf of the citizens of Rome, which clearly contradict the opinion of the conspirators that Caesar was too ambitious. Antony carefully uses irony in referring to Cassius and Brutus as honorable men; the strategy wins over the citizens and they listen with growing anger to his words. He leads the citizens to the body and begins to show the brutal results of the murder while simultaneously influencing them to believe that the conspirators are murderers and traitors. Ultimately, Antony reads Caesar’s will, which leaves his parks, private estates, and newly planted gardens to the citizens of Rome.

Outsourcing and Company

What is Outsourcing? Outsourcing  is the  contracting  out of an internal  business process  to a third party organization. The practice of contracting a business process out to a third party rather than staffing it internally is common in the modern economy. The term â€Å"outsourcing† became popular in the  United States  near the turn of the 21st century. Outsourcing sometimes involves transferring employees and assets from one firm to another but not always. The definition of outsourcing includes both foreign and domestic contracting,  and sometimes includes  offshoring, which means relocating a business function to another country.Financial savings from lower international labor rates is a big motivation for outsourcing/offshoring. The opposite of outsourcing is called  insourcing, which entails bringing processes handled by third party firms in-house, and is sometimes accomplished via  vertical integration. However, a business can provide a contract service to another business without necessarily insourcing that business process. Advantages of Outsourcing : Outsourcing creates opportunities for a company to focus on lowering costs and improving the efficient allocation of resources within a company.Outsourcing allows a company to redirect its attention to its own competencies and hire outside resources to handle other tasks. For example, Jobs in the mid-west can often consist of phone tech support. However since it is even cheaper to pay people in India then support this community with jobs, it will send its jobs to India, another country which is an example of outsourcing. So outsourcing allows a firm to reduce costs and concentrate its resources on the things It does best while gaining access to expertise it may not have.Companies outsource primarily to cut costs. But today, it is not only about cutting cost but also about reaping the advantages of strategic outsourcing such as accessing skilled expertise, saving time, cutti ng cost, concentrating on networking, business growth and core competencies ,reducing overhead, flexible staffing, and increasing efficiency, reducing turnaround time and eventually generating more profit. 1. Accessing Skilled Expertise : One of the primary advantages of outsourcing is to get access to skilled expertise.This skill set may not be a core competency of a company’s business, but to allow on focusing on the core mission in providing a high quality product and service to its customer what makes sense is handing over the task to people who can perform it better. Moreover, as a double whammy, a company not only spends less on employee trainings and saves precious man-hours but cuts costs as well. 2. Saving time : When running a business, companies soon discover which skills they possess are strong, weak and non-existent.Rather than using their time and money to learn several new skills, they can simply outsource to someone who is already proficient. Perhaps they have other things in life besides business to focus on. Companies may want to spend the extra time outsourcing because it gives companies to learn a new skill such as public speaking, a new language, accounting, or some other subject. 3. Cutting Costs and Saving BIG! : Maintaining an infrastructure can be an extra burden for some businesses, which outsourcing can remove.Outsourcing business requirements to a trusted vendor can help companies to save on the capital expenditure, time, and extra efforts of their personnel. Additionally, companies are no longer committed to invest on employee training, or purchasing expensive software, or investing in latest technologies. All these help the companies to get higher returns in the longer run. For example, A small doctor's office that wants to accept a variety of insurance plans. One part-time person could not keep up with all the different providers and rules. Outsource to a firm specializing in medical billing. . Concentrating on Business Gr owth, Networking and Core Competencies : Workload increases with additional non-core functions and the quality of any company’s core activities suffers as the business grows. Outsourcing in such scenario to a third party plays an important role by allowing company’s key resources to focus on primary business tasks. Because of saving time and energy with outsourcing, companies can focus on growing their business. They can meet with important clients, attend seminars, find potential partners and network as well as tend to the management of the business.Companies can outsource their weakest areas to those who are already strong in them. 5. Reducing overhead : Overhead costs of performing a particular back-office function are extremely high. Paying wages to full-time employees can severely eat into your profits. It’s common for new start-ups to maximize savings by outsourcing to developing countries. People there, who are highly skilled, often work for only a few do llars per hour. It may seem low , but it’s often good money for them. Lower overheads from not having full-time employees may give the company competitive edge and mean the difference between success and failure. . Increasing in-house efficiency : After companies allocate tasks to their outsourcing partner, they share the workload of the companies’ employees. This allows the companies to develop their internal task force and use them more efficiently. 7. Staffing Flexibility : Outsourcing certain independent tasks, allows any company’s business to maintain a financial flexibility when there is an uncertainty in demand. The company can scale up or down comfortably. At a much lower cost, outsourcing provides additional benefit of running business in full throttle even during off season and holiday months.Example: An accounting department that is short-handed during tax season and auditing periods. Outsourcing these functions can provide the additional resources fo r a fixed period of time at a consistent cost. 8. Continuity & Risk Management : Periods of high employee turnover will add uncertainty and inconsistency to the operations. Outsourcing will provided a level of continuity to the company while reducing the risk that a substandard level of operation would bring to the company. Example: The human resource manager is on an extended medical leave and the two administrative assistants leave for new jobs in a very short period of time.Outsourcing the human resource function would reduce the risk and allow the company to keep operating. 9. Giving A Company’s Business A Competitive Edge : The ultimate benefit of outsourcing is that it helps the companies gain a competitive edge in the market. Through strategic outsourcing to an outsourcing partner, the companies are not only providing their customers with best-of breed services, but increasing their productivity while managing their in-house resources intelligently. Outsourcing can hel p them surpass competitors who have not yet realized the benefits of outsourcing. 10.Seeing An Overall Increase In The Company’s Business : Outsourcing shows an increase in company’s productivity, customer loyalty, level of quality, business value, profits, and much more. How will the changing face of education impact the supply chain? As you evaluate your choices and decisions in  outsourcing  different components of your operations, you will need to consider the advantages of outsourcing. When done for the right reasons, outsourcing will actually help your company grow and save money. There are other advantages of outsourcing that go beyond money. Here are the top seven advantages of outsourcing. . Focus On Core Activities In rapid growth periods, the back-office operations of a company will expand also. This expansion may start to consume resources (human and financial) at the expense of the core activities that have made your company successful. Outsourcing tho se activities will allow refocusing on those business activities that are important without sacrificing quality or service in the back-office. Example: A company lands a large contract that will significantly increase the volume of purchasing in a very short period of time; Outsource purchasing. 2. Cost And Efficiency SavingsBack-office functions that are complicated in nature, but the size of your company is preventing you from performing it at a consistent and reasonable cost, is another advantage of outsourcing. Example: A small doctor's office that wants to accept a variety of insurance plans. One part-time person could not keep up with all the different providers and rules. Outsource to a firm specializing in medical billing. 3. Reduced Overhead Overhead costs of performing a particular back-office function are extremely high. Consider outsourcing those functions which can be moved easily.Example: Growth has resulted in an increased need for office space. The current location i s very expensive and there is no room to expand. Outsource some simple operations in order to reduce the need for office space. For example, outbound telemarketing or data entry. 4. Operational Control Operations whose costs are running out of control must be considered for outsourcing. Departments that may have evolved over time into uncontrolled and poorly managed areas are prime motivators for outsourcing. In addition, an outsourcing company can bring better management skills to your company than what would otherwise be available.Example: An information technology department that has too many projects, not enough people and a budget that far exceeds their contribution to the organization. A contracted outsourcing agreement will force management to prioritize their requests and bring control back to that area. 5. Staffing Flexibility Outsourcing will allow operations that have seasonal or cyclical demands to bring in additional resources when you need them and release them when yo u're done. Example: An accounting department that is short-handed during tax season and auditing periods.Outsourcing these functions can provide the additional resources for a fixed period of time at a consistent cost. 6. Continuity & Risk Management Periods of high employee turnover will add uncertainty and inconsistency to the operations. Outsourcing will provided a level of continuity to the company while reducing the risk that a substandard level of operation would bring to the company. Example: The human resource manager is on an extended medical leave and the two administrative assistants leave for new jobs in a very short period of time. Outsourcing the human resource function would reduce the risk and allow the company to keep operating. . Develop Internal Staff A large project needs to be undertaken that requires skills that your staff does not possess. On-site outsourcing of the project will bring people with the skills you need into your company. Your people can work alon gside of them to acquire the new skill set. Example: A company needs to embark on a replacement/upgrade project on a variety of custom built equipment. Your engineers do not have the skills required to design new and upgraded equipment. Outsourcing this project and requiring the outsourced engineers to work on-site will allow your engineers to acquire a new skill set.

The Theme Of The Lottery By Shirley Jackson - 1159 Words

When â€Å"The Lottery† begins, nothing seems unusual about this community, no hint of what is to come, or how heinous an act is about to occur. As they ready themselves for what seems to be a cheerful event, preparing as if to win something valuable, rather than to lose this lottery, eagerness and enthusiasm fill the air. The tradition, this community has been following, is overly duteous, more sheep like, illustrating the extent to which people will go to fit in, to be part of a crowd, to feel accepted. The theme of this story is a reflection on some of Shirley Jackson’s life, from her experiences as a wife in a small community in conjunction with her perspective of the events of WW II. Jackson was born in San Francisco and grew up in an†¦show more content†¦Looking at another central idea which parallels her life, is the hint of feminism. According to author James Sallis, in the book written by Ruth Franklin, Shirley Jackson: A Rather Haunted Life, â€Å"Jackson wrote, she says, always with a central interest in womens lives, and in genres regarded as faintly disreputable,.† Feminism has a recurring role in The Lottery’s theme, beginning with the way in which the men gathered in one area, and the women in another. Jackson also described the men as â€Å"speaking† but the women as exchanging bits of â€Å"gossip†, and then again, when the Watson boy needs to draw for his mother, they express how pleased they are that she has† a man to do it†. So, there is another serious theme in Jackson’s writing: the dark and evil side of humanity, with its follow the rules savior faire. Without a doubt, the war and the Holocaust had a profound effect on how she perceived the world. Some believed she was slightly perverse and odd along with her writing style and stories, but according to her husband, Stanley Edgar Hyman in his book about his wife titled The Magic of Shirley Jackson, rather the opposite was true stating, â€Å"Quite the reverse: they are a sensitive and faithful anatomy of our times, fittingShow MoreRelatedTheme And Theme In The Lottery By Shirley Jackson996 Words   |  4 PagesThe Lottery by Shirley Jackson is a story of an unusual town caught in a trap of always following tradition, even when it is not in their best interest. Jackson uses symbols throughout the story that relate to the overall theme. This helps the reader clearly understand her main message. Jackson uses setting, tone and symbols to convey a theme to her audience. By doing so she creates significant connections to the theme using old man Warner and the black box as examples. The setting and tone inRead More, Symbolism, And Themes In The Lottery, By Shirley Jackson1252 Words   |  6 PagesShirley Jackson’s The Lottery, is a realism story that was written for the main purpose of entertainment. Jackson writes about a small village that gathers every year for an event they call â€Å"The Lottery†. Every head of households comes up and draws a slip of paper from the box. Bill Hutchinson draws the first slip of paper with the black dot but Tessie Hutchinson quickly exclaims the lottery is not fair. Mr. Summers then puts five slips of paper back into the box, one for each of the family membersRead MoreTheme Of Symbolism In The Lottery By Shirley Jackson960 Words   |  4 Pagesshall be purged with death. The beauty of this world is just a mere mask to hide its monstrosity.Tear off its mask and you shall be bestowed upon the gift of the cruelty of this world. Shirley Jackson’s short story the â€Å"Lottery† illustrates the characte r Tessie Hutchinson as a figure of symbolism as it leads to the theme that the norms of society isolates those who are a victim of labels and expectations because they decorate the origins of sins therefore premonition of the ruin to some extent becomesRead MoreSimilar Themes In The Lottery And The Destructors By Shirley Jackson774 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"The Lottery† and â€Å"The Destructors† are both very intriguing short stories. Imagine being out in the hot, bright sun and then suddenly being stoned by fifty people or driving up to your house one day from being out of town and seeing your house completely gone. Feelings or emotions of hurt, sorrow, or loneliness begin to appear. People can be cruel for no reason because that individual is not happy with their life or simply jealousy. Shirley Jackson who wrote â€Å"The Lottery† and Graham Green who wroteRead MoreGreat Theme of Symbolism in the Short Story, The Lottery, by by Shirley Jackson1033 Words   |  4 Pagesthe short fictions read in the Grade 11 English curriculum, The Lottery by Shirley Jackson is by far the most important story read because of the theme, the characters and the symbolism. The Lottery is a story about a community, who every year draws the lottery for someone in the village. A lottery is often associated with positive things such as prizes, and money, however, this story has a twist; whoever gets the black marked lottery ticket is stoned by the community people as it is a long traditionRead MoreLiterary Themes InThe Lottery, By Shirley Jackson796 Words   |  4 PagesIn the short story â€Å"The Lottery,† by Shirley Jackson, many literary elements are used. The chronological order in which the story is told is what makes this short story interesting and its ending shocking. Jackson narrates the unfolding of a village’s lottery ceremony by providing a detailed description of the plot, symbolism, and tone and style to portray the strong commitment between the lottery and the people in the village. As the story begins, Jackson starts to develop the plot by describingRead More Theme of Tradition in The Lottery by Shirley Jackson Essay1322 Words   |  6 PagesThe Lottery by Shirley Jackson Americans day after day live much of their lives following time-honored traditions that are passed down from one generation to another. From simple everyday cooking and raising children, to holidays and other family rituals, tradition plays a significant role on how they go by there everyday lives. In Shirley Jacksons short story, The Lottery, the citizens of a small farming town follow one such tradition. A point is made regarding human nature in relationRead MoreThemes Of `` The Lottery `` By Shirley Jackson And The Ones Who Walk Away From 1861-18651553 Words   |  7 PagesSafeAssign Logo Help I have chosen to examine the theme of attempted but failed equality in my final paper. The theme of equality is present throughout many of the dystopian short stories, novels, poems and films we have studied in class. The three stories I feel this theme is most present in are â€Å"The Lottery† by Shirley Jackson, â€Å"Harrison Bergeron† by Kurt Vonnegut and â€Å"The Ones Who Walk Away From Omelas† by Ursula Le Guin. In these stories society tries to make everything orderly and just. TheirRead More Shirley Jacksons The Lottery 946 Words   |  4 PagesShirley Jackson is said to be one of the most â€Å"brilliant and influential authors of the twentieth century.† â€Å"Her fiction writing is some of the most important to come out of the American literary canon.† (http://shirleyjackson.org/Reviews.html) Jackson wrote many short stories and even some books. They are more on the dark, witchlike side, however. Kelleher explains that Jackson stated in some interviews that she practiced magic. No one really knows if she was serious while practicing witchcraftRead MoreAnalysis of The Lottery by Shirley Jackson993 Words   |  4 PagesSpanish author, When we blindly adopt a religion, a political system, a literary dogma, we become automatons. We cease to grow. Shirley Jackson was born in 1919 in San Francisco, California to Leslie and Geraldine Jackson. She is most well known for her short story titled â€Å"The Lottery† which was first published in The New Yorker to overwhelming and mixed reviews. The lottery, as portrayed in the short story, is a religious, annual ceremony in the afternoon of June 27. This event is said to be older

Chemistry Abbreviations Starting With the Letter E

Chemistry abbreviations and acronyms are common in all fields of science. This collection offers common abbreviations and acronyms beginning with the letter E used in chemistry and chemical engineering. Abbreviations With the Letter E e - electrone- - electronE - EnergyE1520 - Propylene GlycolEA - Epoxy AdhesiveEA - Ethyl AcetateEAA - Ethylene Acrylic AcidEAM - Embedded Atom MethodEAS - Electrophilic Aromatic SubstitutionEB - Electrode BarrierEBSD - Electron BackScatter DiffractionEBT - Eriochrome Black T indicatorEC - Electron CaptureEC - Ethyl CarbonateECD - Electron Capture DetectorECH - Enoyl-CoA HydrataseEDI - Electrical De-IonizationEDP - Ethylene Diamine PyrocatecholEDT - 1,2-Ethane DiThiolEDTA - Ethylene-Diamine-Tetra-Acetic acidEE - Ether ExtractEEC - Equilibrium Equivalent ConcentrationEEC - Evaporation Emission ControlEEEI - Effective Electron-Electron InteractionEER - Equilibrium Exchange RateEET - Excitation Energy TransferEG - Ethylene GlycolEGE - Ethylene Glycol EtherEGO - Exhaust Gas OxygenEGR - Entropy Gradient ReversalEGTA - Ethylene Glycol Tetraacetic AcidEHF - Extremely High FrequencyEIC - Electromagnetically-Induced ChiralityELF - Extremely Low FrequencyEM - ElectroMagneticEM - Elevated Moistu reEMA - Ethylene Methacrylic AcidEMF - ElectroMotive ForceEN - Ethylene NaphthalateEOF - ElectroOsmotic FlowEP - Ethylene PolypropyleneEPA - Environmental Protection AgencyEPD - End Point DilutionEPDM - Ethyl Propyl Diene MonomerEPH - Extractable Petroleum HydrocarbonsEPI - EPInephrineEq - EquivalentEr - ErbiumERW - Electrolyzed Reduced WaterEs - EinsteiniumES - Excited StateETOH - Ethyl AlcoholEu - EuropiumEV - Exceptional VacuumEVA - Ethylene Vinyl AcetateEVOH - Ethylene Vinyl Alcohol

A Separate Peace By John Knowles - 2220 Words

Crafted by author John Knowles in the late 1950’s, A Separate Peace is a heart-wrenching Bildungsroman narrated by a pensive Gene Forrester as he reflects upon trials and tribulations at his alma-mater, the Devon Boarding School. In an attempt to process the tragic loss of his best friend and coping with his own responsibility in his friend’s death, Gene returns to the campus to confront his progressive loss of Finny in both his plummet from the tree by the river to his tumble down the marble staircase. At a glance, Finny and Gene’s relationship appears to be a story of tragedy as Gene must forever carry the loss of his very best friend, but as the novel progresses, it becomes increasingly clear that Gene and Finny’s relationship before Finny’s accident was far from being black-and-white. Diving deeper into the text, Gene reveals his true feelings about Finny that fluctuate from Finny being an object of obsession to being a source of resentment. As the story is told from Gene’s point of view, the reader is submerged into the realm of Gene’s odd fascinations with Finny and the manifestations of his feelings of hatred and idolization as he acts out in odd ways, such as mimicking Finny’s facial expressions and clothing and developing conspiracy theories in which Finny is planning Gene’s academic downfall. Gradually, the picture painted of the teenage Gene Forrester of A Separate Peace becomes more and more distorted as Gene’s sanity is called into question. HisShow MoreRelatedA Separate Peace By John Knowles1792 Words   |  8 Pagesbut also in the Devon School of Prep. The book A Separate Peace by John Knowles is mostly about a boy, Gene, who is receiving his education and learning about how to become a soldier to fight in the second World War. He and his best pal, Finny, are both being forced to mature and grow up before being drafted to fight, but before that even happens Gene’s jealousy gets the best of him which will threaten his friendship. Throughout the novel John Knowles uses a great deal of literary elements to helpRead MoreA Separate Peace, by John Knowles1098 Words   |  5 Pagespeoples’ imaginations. Irrational assumptions, fears of the unknown, and the development of nonexistent threats allow the justification of these wars within the individuals. In A Separate Peace, wars such as these are seen between the characters and within the characters of Gene and Phineas. John Knowles’ A Separate Peace reveals Gene’s perceived war with Phineas and Phineas’ internal conflict with World War II to be intertwined with each other through Gene’s misunderstanding of Phineas and Phineas’Read MoreA Separate Peace, by John Knowles1079 Words   |  5 Pagesaggressive nature of the people often cause it to proceed without justification. In A Separate Peace, wars such as these are seen between the characters and within th e characters of Gene and Phineas. These wars can be thought of as figments of imagination, founded on irrational assumptions, fears of the unknown, and nonexistent threats. Regardless of their origin, the enemy is always daunting. John Knowles’ A Separate Peace reveals Gene’s perceived war with Phineas and Phineas’ internal conflict with WorldRead MoreA Separate Peace By John Knowles1078 Words   |  5 PagesAs Stephen King once said, â€Å"Books and movies are like apples and oranges. They both are fruit, but taste completely different.† John Knowles’ novel A Separate Peace which is also a movie by Peter Yates, both have the same theme and plot, however, there are minor adaptations that are made to the movie which fail to capture the nature of the characters. A Separate Peace is set at a boys’ boarding school in New Hampshire during World War II. It is the story of Gene Forrester, and his confused feelingsRead MoreA Separate Peace By John Knowles Essay1463 Words   |  6 Pages In A Separate Peace, a realistic fictional novel by John Knowles, World War 2 gradually encroaches upon and finally dominates life at Devon. The War is an ever present focus, if not focus then presence, that fell upon the students of Devon. That was the whole point wasn’t it? Train hard in a boarding school to prepare for war. The war impinged itself upon the school through the boys’ views, jargon, and also was brought to the school. World War II infringed Devon through the boys’ views. This canRead MoreA Separate Peace By John Knowles1148 Words   |  5 PagesA Separate Peace by John Knowles: Boys to Men The boys at the Devon school, in the novel A Separate Peace, written by John Knowles, are World War II influenced by making them mature and grow up more quickly than they would have had there not been a war. The war makes some boys stronger and more ready for whatever life would bring, while in others it disables them to the point that they cannot handle the demands of life. This novel shows a â€Å"coming-of age† story, especially with three boys. Gene startsRead MoreA Separate Peace By John Knowles1442 Words   |  6 PagesIn his novel A Separate Peace, John Knowles demonstrates that, to achieve adulthood, one must lose innocence and acknowledge this loss.      Ã‚  Ã‚   For instance, John Knowles uses Elwin ‘Leper’ Lepellier and his time in the military to show that one must lose innocence and accept this loss to reach adulthood. Leper is, according to Gene, in â€Å"a protective cloud of vagueness† (Knowles, p. 204). This allows him to remain innocent throughout his time at the Devon School, though, after a ski troop attemptsRead MoreA Separate Peace By John Knowles1908 Words   |  8 Pages From juvenility to maturity, A Separate Peace combines classic American Literature with a thoughtful plot-line that is developed to affect the readers’ mind and heart. The author, John Knowles of Fairmont, West Virginia, had one clear purpose for writing this book. This purpose was to show the disastrous mental and physical problems which arise as the result of war, specifically the repercussions they have on the home front. A good lesson to learn from this book is that even a war three-thousandRead MoreA Sepa rate Peace By John Knowles1529 Words   |  7 Pagesgrow, seeing conflicting sides of good and evil. A Separate Peace by John Knowles narrates the story of young boys growing up with World War II as the backdrop. The war impacts them dramatically and is constantly thought about as they are coming of the age since they will soon be enlisted. However, not only are they living during an era of war but are also struggling with the war inside of themselves as they search for the truth within. Knowles depicts the ability of war to affect teenage boys inRead MoreA Separate Peace By John Knowles1810 Words   |  8 PagesIn John Knowles’ novel A Separate Peace, it begins with the protagonist, Gene Forrester coming back to his alma mater the Devon School in New Hampshire. Wandering through the campus, Gene makes his way to a tall tree by the river; the reason for his return. From here he takes the reader back to the year 1942 during World War II when he was in high school. During the summer session ofthat year, he becomes close friends with his daredevil roommate Finny who is able to convince Gene into making a dangerous

Fundamentals of Law for Australian Woollen Pty Ltd -myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theFundamentals of Law for Australian Woollen Mills Pty Ltd. Answer: The issue which has to be determined in relation to the given scenario is that whether a claim for a breach of contract can be brought by Ian against Ben. This would be done through analyzing whether a contract has been formed between Ian and Ben or not. Rules A contract only comes to an existence when the elements offer and acceptance are addressed appropriately in accordance to the legal provisions associated with them. An offer is an expression made by a person to another so that the other person may willingly accept its terms. An offer is differentiated from an invitation to deal (having no legal significance) based on the completeness of the expression. As provided in the case of AGC (Advances) Ltd v McWhirter (1977) 1 BLR 9454 an offer is complete when it consists of elements like nature of services to be provided, time and date of services, price to be paid and a time period till which an offer can be accepted. In addition in the case of Australian Woollen Mills Pty Ltd v The Commonwealth (1954) 92 CLR 424 it was ruled by the court that if a reasonable person is induced by wordings of the expression to enter the agreement it would be a complete offer. An offer comes to an end through the process of revocation. One of the forms of revocation of an offer is through its rejection. In the case of Byrne v Van Tienhoven (1880) LR 5 CPD 344 it was ruled by the court that as soon as the offer is rejected impliedly or expressly it comes to an end. According to the rules of postal rule stated in Adams v Lindsell (1818) 1 B Ald 681 as soon as the letter is posted it constitutes an acceptance. Similar provisions are applicable in relation to an email as provided in the case of Thomas anr v BPE Solicitors [2010] EWHC 306 Application In the given situation a valid offer had been made by Ben to Ian which had to be accepted before 1st may. The offer was in relation to giving a speech for an event. This was a complete offer as a reasonable person would be induced to get into the contract through its words as it contained price, date and nature of services to be provided and thus was a complete offer in nature. However Ian notified Ben that he is likely to be unavailable for the event as he was hoping to be selected to give speech in another event on the same date. This expression of Ian expressly accounts to the rejection of the offer which means that it has been revoked and has come to an end according to the rules of revocation as discussed above. It had been provided by Ian that he may notify Ben in case there was a change in the circumstances. The notification had been made through an email by Ian. However such notification would have been a new offer made by Ian as the original offer has already ceased to exists. Ian had made an email which stated that he wants to accept the offer and provide the speech as he was not selected for the event. However the email was not read by Ben as it was transferred to the spam folder of the email. Although the email accounts to a valid acceptance through the postal rule according to which the acceptance was valid as soon as the email had been made by Ian, as the offer has already elapsed it cannot be accepted by Ian any longer. Conclusion As the acceptance of Ian was after the offer had been rejected it does not form a contract between Ian and Ben. Issue 2 Whether there is a contract between Ben and Sharon Rules It is a general rule in the law of contacts that it is not necessary for a contract to be in writing in order to be binding. As stated in the case of Wood v Scarth (1858) 1 FF 293 a contract can only take place between the parties if they have agreed upon the same thing in the same sense also know as consensus ad idem or the meeting of minds. In the case of King's Norton Metal Co Ltd v Edridge Merrett Co Ltd (1897) TLR 98 it was ruled by the court that where the parties are mistaken in relation to the facts of the case the contract may be void or may be voidable upon the option of the parties. The mistaken can lead to the recession of the contract if it can be proved that the mistake was in relation to a material aspect of the contract. In the case of Cundy v Lindsay (1878) 3 App Cas 459 the court ruled that the where the parties are dealing through correspondences the mistake as to the identity of the parties will make the contract void. In case of a mistake the court may also provide a remedy in relation to equity for any loss which has been faced by the parties to the contract as provided by Webster v Cecil (1861) 30 Beav 62 Application In the given situation it has been provided that Ben has approached Sharon to provide a speech in his educational institution. The speech is in relation to the subject of astronomy. However Sharon mistakenly believes that the speech is in relation to astrology and accepts the contract. In the above discussion it has been provided that were there is no meeting of minds and a common mistake exits than the contract can be avoided and the parties to it can claim such situation as a defense. Here Ben believed that Sharon was a astronomy expert and offered the speech to her, whereas she was an astrology expert. In addition Sharon accepted the contract as she believed that the speech was in relation to astrology. Thus there is mistake on the part of both the parties to the contract. Therefore in the given situation Ben can claim common mistake as a defense and Sharon can get some compensation as per the rules of equity The contract not being in writing does not have any legal issues Conclusion Ben can claim the defense in from of mistake under contract law. Issue The issue which needs to be determined in relation to the scenario is that whether Chengs or Gordons claim is stronger in relation to the car Rule In case a contract has been entered upon by two parties and one of them had a belief that the other was a third party (which means any other person) a mistake in relation to identity takes place. There is a distinction made by law in relation to such position where the parties are present or absent during the negotiation. In the case of King's Norton Metal Co Ltd v Edridge Merrett Co Ltd the aggrieved party had a belief that it was dealing with a reputable firm whereas the firm was rough the court held the contract to be valid as the mistake was related to attributes and not identity. In case the parties were physically present and the above discussed mistake needs to be established it has to be shown by the innocent party that they had the intention of dealing with some other person, the other party had knowledge in relation to such intentions, the identity was regarded as very crucial to the contract and reasonable steps had been taken by them in relation to the verification of the identity as provided in Phillips v Brooks [1919] 2 KB 243 In the case Lake v Simmons [1927] AC 487 of it had been ruled by the court that where the possessions of the goods have passed to an innocent party before the contract is avoided the third party would have a good title to such goods. Application In the given situation it is event that Gordon had the intention of dealing with the Mayor of the city and not Mary. Mary also had the knowledge if such intentions of Gordan in relation to given the car prior to payment. The negotiations took place between the parties in physical presence of each other. Thus there was a mistake in identity and the contract should be void. However Gordon did not take reasonable steps to verify that the Mary was the mayor of the town. He concluded the fact based on unsure assumptions. Thus the contract can be declared as voidable and not void. Further through the application of the Simmons case it can be provided that as the contract between Gordon and Mary was voidable and was not avoided before the car had been sold to Cheng, the title of the car would be bestowed on Cheng Lawfully Conclusion Therefore from the above discussion it can be concluded that Chengs claim would be stronger than Gordon according to the rules of contract References Adams v Lindsell (1818) 1 B Ald 681 AGC (Advances) Ltd v McWhirter (1977) 1 BLR 9454 Australian Woollen Mills Pty Ltd v The Commonwealth (1954) 92 CLR 424 Byrne v Van Tienhoven (1880) LR 5 CPD 344 Cundy v Lindsay (1878) 3 App Cas 459 King's Norton Metal Co Ltd v Edridge Merrett Co Ltd (1897) TLR 98 Phillips v Brooks [1919] 2 KB 243 Thomas anr v BPE Solicitors [2010] EWHC 306 Webster v Cecil (1861) 30 Beav 62 Wood v Scarth (1858) 1 FF 293

The Swimmer By John Cheever Essay Example For Students

The Swimmer By John Cheever Essay John Cheevers story ?The Swimmer? depicts a protaganist, and the society that has nurtured him, as lacking in seriousness and responsibility. Neddy, the bewildered protagonist, represents a society satirized for centering its values on social status and materialism. During the course of Neddys journey, the illusions he has constructed about his life are stripped away, and in the process the truth behind his society is realized. In unveiling the tragedy of Neddys existence, Cheever reveals the unworthiness of an unexamined life. The tragedy of Neddys presence leads to his own demise. Through an unique usage of tone, Cheever foreshadows the misfortunes of the protagonist. Stereotypically, the author hints at the fact that that wealthy people loaf around and indulge themselves with alcohol to rid themselves of their problems (368). In a mocking manner, almost setting Neddy up for his failure, the day begins beautiful and everyone is happy, but a feeling of confusion soon follows (368). Significantly, by exemplifying the point of view, Cheever allows the reader to see Neddy from two different perspectives. According to Neddy, ?his life was not confining and the delight he took in observation could not be explained by its suggestion of escape? (368). The bystanders view of Neddy, however, depicts him as ?close to naked,? as they ?wondered if he was the victim of foul play, had his car broken down, or was he merely a fool? (371). This is the only moment in the entire story where a perspective other than Neddys is offered, indicating that Cheever wants to maintain an emphasis on the bewilderment of Neddy. In addition, elements of symbolism throughout the story exhibit the troubles of Neddy. The water, a symbol of the unconscious, represents the thoughts and actions of Neddy. Alcohol, a means of escape, lies as a threat to Neddys existence because he feels that ?whiskey would carry him through the last of his journey? (373-74). The storm represents a change from the confusion of Neddy into the truth about his existence. We will write a custom essay on The Swimmer By John Cheever specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The worthlessness of Neddys unexamined life ultimately forces him awy from reality. Initially, the characterization of Neddy and the society which he represents reveals the meaninglessness of both his life and that of the society. ?My misfortunes? .I dont know what you mean,?(373) Neddy obliviously responds when receiving sympathy for his financial misfortunes that he seems totally unaware of. Due to the snobbish behavior accustomed to Neddy through his society, he is afraid that the public pool will ?damage his own prosperousness and charm?(372) which he no longer possesses anyway. Furthermore, the constant usage of allusion remains evident throughout the story. Almost Fitzgerald-like in his descriptions of the ?prosperous men and women,?(370) Cheever satirizes the society. Also similar to the works of Fitzgerald, the protagonists own wealth and power force his social decline. Importantly, symbolism also plays a role in describing the lifestyle of Neddy and the society of which he r epresents. The storm adds to Cheevers satirical story in that confusion is even moreso emphasized(370). The parties and constant drinking of the wealthy society acts as a way for them to escape everyday responsibilities (368).Cheever illustrates the meaningless life of Neddy and his satirized society by uncovering the affliction of Neddys existence. The fact that Neddy feels that he still holds the same social stature as he previously did, exhibits his ignorance and inability to accept his own misfortunes. Throughout the story, both the society and Neddy think that they can avoid the problems of life by consuming alcohol, obtaining wealth, and partying. Ultimately, the personal tragedy of mankind results from his own ignorance and misperception of reality.